High-Quality Collectible German Steins (2)
STONEWARE (German-Steinzeug) — Hard material, fired in high temperature kilns generally around 1,200 °C to 1,400 °C . At this temperature, stoneware vitrifies (becomes glass-like). The resulting product is less than 2% porous; therefore, glaze is not mandatory for a stoneware stein. When glaze is used, it must be of a special quality to withstand the high kiln temperature.
Few of the early stoneware german beer steins were artist signed. However, some of the famous Raeren and Westerwald steins from around 1590 were signed, and some of the Creussen steins were signed on the bottom with the letters of the artist's name cryptically combined into a clustered stick pattern. Occasionally, a Westerwald stein, especially one with a GR design (Georgius Rex, made for export to England), has a central applied design that came from an initialed mold. These are virtually the only identifying marks that will be found on any of these old stoneware steins. The reason, as explained previously, is that stein merchants did not want customers identifying, requesting or contacting specific stein makers.
Some collectors are interested in the area within the broad Westerwald region where certain steins were made.
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